Product manual
Product use, preparation, operating conditions and storage.
Use copper-free SPAAC to label proteins, nucleic acids or materials carrying introduced azide handles.
Packs & quoteDBCO is a strained alkyne that cycloadds to an azide. Ordinary unmodified proteins lack this paired handle; residual free azide reagents can consume DBCO.
Introduce the azide and purify first, then compare coupling, background and function at matched molar inputs.
Check azide density and accessibility. Include an azide-free surface control to assess adsorption.
Check filter bandwidths, dichroics and blocking against the actual excitation and emission values. Some BDP products have closely spaced peaks; peak positions alone do not establish excitation leakage or background. Check with unstained and free-dye controls.
Use parameters for the exact catalog number when preparing reagents, setting reagent input or calculating results. Request a lot-specific CoA for test results.
Remove free azide modification reagents. Review sodium azide and other additives, exchanging buffer when required.
Prepare a stock using a supported solvent and check clarity after aqueous dilution. A PEG spacer or dye-family designation does not guarantee water solubility at every concentration.
Confirm the supported solvent and stock concentration for the catalog number before diluting into a small sample. Check precipitation, vessel staining and transfer loss, matching final solvent fraction and vessel material when comparing conditions.
Confirm azide modification, sample concentration and removal of free reagent.
Use a compatible buffer, compare dye input and incubation time, and record the final solvent fraction and sample appearance.
Select desalting, size-exclusion separation, dialysis or chromatography for the sample size. Remove free reagent before measuring concentration, labeling density and function. Residual free dye raises background and biases labeling-density calculations.
Combine product analysis, a no-azide control and downstream function to assess coupling and adsorption.
Select a document and enter your phone and email. Include the lot number for a CoA.
Product use, preparation, operating conditions and storage.
Spectra, measurement conditions and detection settings for the exact catalog number.
Lot-specific test results. Include the lot number from the vial.
Handling, storage and emergency response information.
Compare fluorescence after purification with an unmodified aliquot from the same sample to assess adsorption and free-dye carryover.
Use an unlabeled aliquot from the same preparation to assess changes in function, aggregation and recovery.
Compare a molar input series and assess signal, negative background, product recovery and function together.
Check conjugate and free-dye fractions together. A clear or strongly fluorescent solution still needs suitable chromatography, electrophoresis or mass spectrometry to establish coupling; assess binding or enzyme activity separately for protein conjugates.
Include your sample, formulation and detection method when requesting application guidance.
Loudet A, Burgess K. · Chemical Reviews · 107(11):4891–4932 · 2007
Reviews BODIPY synthesis, derivatization and spectroscopic properties as background for distinguishing members of the dye family.
DOI: 10.1021/cr078381n
Debets MF, van Berkel SS, Schoffelen S, et al. · Chemical Communications · 46(1):97–99 · 2010
Reports copper-free reaction of a strained alkyne with azides and its application to enzyme PEGylation.
DOI: 10.1039/b917797c
Agard NJ, Prescher JA, Bertozzi CR. · Journal of the American Chemical Society · 126(46):15046–15047 · 2004
Introduces ring-strain-driven azide–alkyne coupling without copper, a foundational study in SPAAC bioconjugation.
DOI: 10.1021/ja044996f
Introduce azide handles first. DBCO is not a general labeling group for native amines or thiols.
DBCO–azide SPAAC does not require copper. Adding copper is not a general way to improve this reaction.
A spacer alone does not establish this. Confirm solvent and concentration for the SKU and check for aqueous precipitation or aggregation.
Distinguish structure and purpose. X belongs to the specific product’s linker structure; WGA is an already labeled lectin. Use the exact catalog number’s preparation and workflow rather than inferring membrane permeability or equal solubility from the family name.
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